Harlem Slums As A Result Of The Urbanization Of America Essays

Harlem Slums as a Result of the Urbanization of America Harlem Slums as a Result of the Urbanization of America In comparison with the European urban heritage, which stretches back roughly 5500 years, the American transformation from village to city was achieved in an amazingly short space of time. From the eighteenth century on, Americans experienced the painful yet rewarding metamorphosis of an agrarian nation becoming an urban industrial giant that left few of her political, economic, and social institutions untouched, be they the farm, the factory, or the family. In 1790, for example, only a little over 4 percent of the American population lived in cities; today 70 percent of Americans live in urban areas. Richard Hofstadter summed it up well: "The United States was born in the country and has moved to the city (Handlin 3)." The rough, harsh and crowded lives of the Harlem slums and discrimination against Negroes are just a few of the many results of the urbanization of America. Negroes moved to the city, away from their farm lives, to work in factories as America industrialized. With all the Negroes and other immigrants coming to Industrialized parts of America Negro communities, such as Harlem, were formed. With the slums came discrimination for the Negro migrants. The white people, who had occupied industrial cities first, saw Negroes as lesser beings. They believed that it was okay for them to be treated unfairly due to the color of their skin. This was the belief that parents of white children wanted them to have. It was documented that children who intermingled with Negroes at some public schools saw them to be okay and decent, but the parents of these children discouraged this kind of thinking and told their children that they had had the wrong attitude towards Negroes. As a result of blacks in some public schools, many white children were sent to private schools. This was just the beginning of discrimination towards black people during the Urbanization of America. The following quotation suggests the whites superiority over the inferior Negroes: I have no prejudice against the colored people. I have always had colored servants and nurse girls for my children and I like them. I have never known them to be dishonest. My husband employs seven colored men and his experience has been the same as mine. I don't care to live next door to a colored family or across the street and if they do come to this side of Raymond, I certainly will move out. The Negroes were further discriminated due to the fact that the white people said that the value of their property would decrease if they had Negro neighbors. Neighbors in a white community would stand together in the sense that they all agreed that they would not sell their homes to a Negro for their own selfish sakes. This is another reason why Harlem slums grew and yet another example of discrimination towards the Negroes. The creation of a Negro community within one large and solid geographic area was unique in city history. New York had never been what realtors call an "open city", a city in which Negroes lived wherever they chose, but the former Negro sections were traditionally only a few blocks in length, often spread across the island and generally interspersed with residences of white working-class families. Harlem, however, was a Negro world unto itself. A scattered handful of "marooned white families...stubbornly remained" in the Negro section, a Unites States census-taker recorded, but the mid-belly of Harlem was predominantly Negro by 1920 (Frazier 53). And the ghetto rapidly expanded. Between the First World War and the Great Depression, Harlem underwent radical changes. Practically all the older white residents had moved away; the Russian Jewish and Italian sections of Harlem, founded a short generation earlier, were rapidly being depopulated; and Negro Harlem, within the space of ten years, became the most "incredible slum" in the entire city. In 1920 James Weldon Johnson was able to predict a glowing future for this Negro community: "have you ever stopped to think what the future Harlem will be?" he wrote. "It will be the greatest Negro City in the world. And what fine part of New York City has come into possession of" (Johnson 345)! By the late 1920's, however, Harlem's former "high-class" homes offered, in the words of a housing expert, "the best laboratory for slum clearance...in the entire city." "Harlem conditions," a New York Times reporter concluded, are "simply deplorable"(Nail 134). The Harlem slum was the product of a few major urban developments. One of the most important was the deluge of Negro migration

Building Good Self Esteem And Body Image Theology Religion Essays

Building Good Self Esteem And Body Image Theology Religion Essays Building Good Self Esteem And Body Image Theology Religion Essay Building Good Self Esteem And Body Image Theology Religion Essay which barely go unnoticed for the adolescent. They are much more vulnerable to manner in their desire to be accepted in the society. The environment where we move plays an of import function when we are developing our organic structure image. Daily experiences and people around us will impact the manner we develop our self-esteem. Presently, the ideals of female organic structures have devalued adult females assurance in themselves, since the hunt for the ideal image has become cardinal axis in the lives of many of us, a state of affairs that can trip a feeling of personal failure and above all, a important loss of self-esteem. Women s magazines are full of articles pressing that if they can merely lose those last 15 lbs, they will hold it all. During my last two old ages in high school, I was on a diet to lose some weight. I remember fighting against hungriness ; I used to eat apples and imbibe slimming teas. The lone consequence I got from those teas every clip I drunk them was a large stomach ache. However my ma was ever at that place, speaking and stating me that I was non fat and that I merely had a normal weight. But I was believing otherwise. The job was that the influence of magazines and telecasting were much stronger than the sentiment of my parents. Looking good was excessively of import, I had to make a certain weight, I had to be size two on denims, I had to look thin and besides my tegument should be free of imperfectnesss. It was a really difficult clip. Fortunately my parents were at that place seeking to forestall me from aching myself. Finally under their way I get back on my pess. After this experience I genuinely believe that frequently stereotypes from media, can greatly negatively impact the people s p ersonalities. This is true particularly in those who are at a hard phase in life, like adolescence, when you are seeking to specify how you are or who you want to be. Teenagers most of the clip are vulnerable and easy to act upon. Pressure for have a perfect organic structure is changeless and since it is coming from everyplace, it can be really infective doing a great harm in person self-pride. In add-on, this ideal organic structure s stereotype is non merely impacting females, it is impacting males every bit good. The physical organic structure theoretical account presently predominating in our society is impossible for most people. Work force non merely must be strong and thin, but with good developed good looking musculuss every bit good. This theoretical account non merely affects the self-esteem in those that genetically can non make it, but besides can do unsafe behaviours such as the maltreatment of steroids or jobs related to inordinate exercising. One of my best friends, Sergio, besides had a job with his organic structure image. During his first twelvemonth of college in Miami, he realized that there was a batch of accent placed on organic structure weight, size, and visual aspect. He was able to see firsthand how of import it was for many male pupils to hold a muscular organic structure. This is in portion due to media unrealistic criterions for organic structure weight and visual aspect. Sergio, who ever had a little organic structure type, began experiencing great anxiousness and force per unit area to accomplish a more muscular organic structure in order to be more successful and have a greater credence by his equals. He began to exert but he did non see the consequence. So he decided to happen out about musculus edifice merchandises and that was how he discovered steroids. After thorough modus operandis of exercising and non seeing consequences, he decided to get down utilizing them. However after two hebdomads of utiliz ing anabolic steroids, he decided to halt. The fright of side effects significantly helped in his determination. But what impacted in his determination the most was the fact that his brother was accepted in the same school. Once his brother arrived, Sergio met a different group of friends, who did non pay any attending on how Sergio looked. He even started dating a really nice miss and they will be acquiring married shortly. In decision we can state that self-pride is an person s ability of self-acceptance and to hold a positive sentiment about his or her ain organic structure and possible. In some instances we can hold that self-esteem can be much more than merely based on organic structure image. Self-esteem has an huge influence in our heads, sets our ability to confront new challenges, and influences our emotional and organic structure wellness. Self-esteem is cardinal in puting a good communicating between people at work with co-workers, at place with our household and other scenarios where we have to interact with aliens. An of import portion of our self-pride is determined by the balance between our successes and failures. Specifically, being able to watch our demands met gives us many positive emotions, which will assist to increase our self-esteem. Puting ends is a clear and concrete tool to win, because it helps us to place what we want in our life. Once we set our ends, if we have a positive self-pride, we will be more unfastened to the thought of disputing ourselves physically and mentally. On the other manus those who have low self-prides will be more afraid of challenges and the possible alterations that they may meet in the class of their life. It is of import to cognize, that there are methods to mend self-esteem in people who somehow have a beaten self-pride. In my sentiment the most of import and helpful method to heighten person self-pride is extinguishing all those things and individuals that alternatively of assisting you to see how valuable and cherished you are, are invariably doing you feel like a failure. Other of import point is that from an early age parents teach kids how to develop a healthy self-pride. Leting they know how valuable they are as an person, the unique that they are. It is of import that since early age, kids learn to hold a chiseled personality capable to confront any challenge that comes in their manner. As a consequence, they will be less susceptible to follow under incorrect behaviours from those that are around them. Stephanie Reynolds Professor: Moffatt BIO 330 03/12/2010 Promoting good communicating From the attitude of their parents, kids learn if sex is pretty or ugly, right or incorrect, a speaking subject or non. Parents are theoretical accounts with their attitudes. In my sentiment, gender and fondness are two really of import facets in the instruction of a kid, both during their childhood and in adolescence. But sometimes, parents do non cognize really good what to make or state for fright or ignorance, and for that, frequently ignore this issue trusting that striplings decide it themselves, or at best, at school. In my sentiment, parents need to make and keep an unfastened channel of communicating with their kids. Building chances for treatment and intercession on what is right and what is non, related to all topics, particularly gender. In that manner parents will be able to steer their boy or girl in a line of regard and avoid traveling excessively fast during their sexual life. The manner how some parents react to a state of affairs related to gender, direct a message to their kids assisting or doing more hard the sexual development of a male child or a miss. Every clip those parents decided to see these state of affairss as learning chances they decidedly are conveying positive messages and values about gender. Parents at that point may be able to construct the foundation for their kids to be sexually healthy. This besides helps their kids know that their parents are unfastened to speak with them about gender. In my sentiment sex instruction must be from the household. As a female parent of an about three old ages old small miss, I believe that quality sex instruction should be directed to our boies and girls in the manner that we can allow their larn more about themselves. In add-on I believe that it is of import that parents try to educate their kids from the positive and non from the negative side, promoting good self-pride. I know that all these soun d ideal, but I genuinely believe that worth it. On the other manus, when parents merely avoid their duty to speak about gender, likely will take the kid to seek for replies in magazines, movie, telecasting and cyberspace, making a incorrect feeling of what is right and normal. In my sentiment, exist many ways how parents can promote better communications about gender with their kid. For illustration it is of import to learn with the illustration, if we want to construct a healthy gender in our kids ; we have to take attention of our ain relationship. It is of import to offer a theoretical account of what a functional relationship it is. That allows the stripling to larn a theoretical account of relationship that s positive. Then it is necessary, Take advantage of different occasions where an informal and relaxed atmosphere allow any sort of conversation. The intent is, foremost, talk, and secondly to promote possible talk about any topic. Therefore we can make a wont of conversation. Besides when a parent is holding a conversation with his kid it is of import to avoid any sort of discourse and treatment. That merely could make an obstruction that will non promote any duologue in the hereafter ; besides it is better non presume inflexible places. It is besi des of import that during conversation whit a kid parents any sort of comparing. Besides if we make remarks or we are offering an account, it is ever better to avoid any sort of question . Building trust is besides of import, if you create a clime of trust and credibleness, the kids will inquire inquiries and clear up issues and besides may travel deeper into sex instruction. Hopefully this will no curtail to merely a twenty-four hours merely to speak about sex, but that this issue is normal and on which we can speak at any clip. It is really of import that your kids know that you trust in them. It is besides really of import that they know that in forepart of any job they can swear in you. In my instance the sex instruction that I received was sort of different. In my state Bolivia, sex instruction is a subject that steel under development, so there is non so much information available and besides the civilization is sort of stopping point to discourse this sort of subjects. The first clip that I had a conversation about sex was 14 old ages ago, when I was 15 and it was merely with my female parent. I remember that I was so uncomfortable about holding that conversation. But my ma truly tried to do the minute the lees uncomfortable possible, I have to state. Basically she explains to me all the basic information, but first she was really clear doing her point, prenuptial sex was incorrect. She told me that it was of import non to travel excessively fast in my life, that I should wait until acquire married to star holding sex. So since that point of position she does non cover so much stuff in her account. I remember that her duologue was emphasized in how I should pul l off my emotions and how to avoid any sort of force per unit area or influence from my friends. Then, so she explained to me the hazard of holding sex relationship before get married, like an unwanted gestation or some sort of diseases. But the true was that at that minute in the conversation I was really uncomfortable, and I merely wanted to complete the talk. I believe that, possibly I would non experience that manner if since early age I would hold more chances to speak about sex with my parents, I believe that it would experience more natural and less uncomfortable. What I feel that was really good covered was the emotional side However at that minute I appreciated her preoccupation.

Freedom and the Art of Balance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Freedom and the Art of Balance - Essay Example The most noticeable one is Nichomachean Ethics. In this Aristotle pointed out the virtue ethics which demarcated the proper functioning of every article of thing. He said that what is fact is truth for e.g. an eye is only a good eye as long as it can see as the proper function of eye is sight. Also, he identified the best activity of the soul as eudaimonia (a sense of happiness that suffuses the good life) and in order to attain the good life one must live a balanced life and avoid anything in excess. This excess could hold different meaning for different people and also for different situations and exists as a golden mean between the two vices- one is an excess while other is a deficiency (Nichomachean Ethics). This is essential to define the quality of a person's habits or character as the man of excellence or the thing of excellence is said to have virtue and this in its highest forms is associated with potential for happiness (Nichomachean Ethics). Book 1 defines the subject matter and emphasizes on the Goal-directed ethics and is often called teleological. In this Aristotle stated that everything has a purpose or end. For instance a good knife has a purpose to cut and therefore must be sharp. In the similar manner every human has also a purpose this might be different than what he has thought, i.e.

Schools of Thoughts in International Relation Theory Term Paper

Schools of Thoughts in International Relation Theory - Term Paper Example While talking about realism, we must also talk about that kind of an issue which can be appropriately explained by the realism school of thought. The issue which we are talking about is the Iranian nuclear programme. Let’s discuss the issue of the Iranian nuclear programme in detail while keeping in mind the aspect of realism. Iran has started to work on the nuclear programme in the 1950s by saying that its basic purpose will be to overcome the shortage of electricity and atoms for peace programme. In the start of this nuclear programme, the United States of America also provided great help to Iran for the purpose of being a part of atoms for peace programme. That support, appreciation, and motivation were not only from the United States of America but also from another western world. It lasted till the Iranian revolution in 1979.After 1979, the Iranian government started to work on the nuclear programme with less support and assistance in the western world. Several misconceptions began to arise due to this act of the Iranian government regarding the nuclear programme. But it is to be kept in the notice that strengthening the power is the main focus of any government according to the school of thought of realism. So, if the Iranian government started to work on the nuclear programme for the purpose of inc reasing its nuclear power, then it is the right of the government. But here we should also say that every government, not only Iranian government, should allow the authority of united nations to inspect whether the work which is being done in the name of electricity purposes is actually being done for the same purpose or it has some other objectives also. Before going into the details of the new dossier related to Iranian nuclear programme, let’s first get to know the point of views of the Iranian government, Israel and the United States of America regarding Iranian nuclear programme.

Usability will be an important factor in QoL and QoA Essay

Usability will be an important factor in QoL and QoA - Essay Example Current markets are saturated with lots of computer products from different vendors. As a result, manufactures need to develop systems and products that are usable by consumer. In order to achieve this, they should focus on user-oriented methods of product design rather than technology-oriented methods (David, 1984). In doing so, the customers quality of experience will increase which will in turn increase the quality of experience. The key idea behind usability is the object should be designed with key attention and consideration put on the user’s psychology and physiology. In other words, the designed systems should be efficient. By efficiently, it means that a consumer takes little time to learn and use it. This will ensure that the consumer make more use of the given product thus improving their quality of life. Many are the times when products come in the market and go. During this period of time, consumer may forget how to use the particular product. Usability focuses on the ability of consumers to remember how to use this product, were it to return back to the market. It is very important to design products that consumer will easily remember to use as this will enable them establish proficiency hence improving the quality of life (Iler, 2000). Produced goods are never 100% efficient and as a result the manufacture needs to test it before releasing the product into the market. Manufacture need to understand that testing things prior to releasing them into the market is cheaper compared to releasing and then make rectifications later. In addition to that, quality of life demands that for people to experience the general welfare of life the level of errors, arising from usage of commodities, should be minimized greatly (Mellouk, 2014). This means that consumer goods should be designed in a way that consumers will make very minimal errors while using these products. Manufactures should therefore design products with interfaces that are easy to understand

Implications of cctv surveillance in society

Implications of cctv surveillance in society Implications of CCTV Surveillance in Society Introduction Surveillance as equated in the Oxford Dictionary; Supervision, close observation, [and] invigilation of individuals who are not trusted to work or go about unwatched (Fowler and Fowler 1964: 1302). Surveillance has become a part of society and seems to be everywhere. People are supervised by many different methods every day. Being a huge part of society, surveillance is continuously discussed in both the public and private sectors. Being such a widely debated topic in society today, the implications and complications it brings to the everyday life are only one of the main areas of focus in many discussions. This article concludes of how surveillance affect the society by looking at fewer aspects linked to surveillance. One of the reasons why surveillance causes implications in social life is because it is everywhere; the idea of surveillance is transformed from one simple idea of keeping an eye on ones not trusted to another as technology continued to develop further. When one thinks of surveillance, first thought that comes up would be CCTV (Close Circuit Television) because it is most common and well-known type of surveillance that is widely used, but surveillance goes a lot further then just CCTV. In fact, CCTV itself is a broad subject to consider for study. The following discussion is mainly based upon CCTV surveillance while taking a glance at different types of surveillance techniques and how they cause implications to social life of society CCTV Surveillance is a broad topic and CCTV is not the only surveillance that is watching over the society, other techniques such as Biometrics, Mobile Phones, and Phone tapping, Local Area Networks (LAN) and workplace surveillance also adds to the surveillance. It is believed though that it is CCTV in general that tends to concern society. This is mainly due to the number of CCTV cameras installed in town centres across the UK and the cost of having them and keeping them running, partially because the idea of being watched 24/7 leaves society a very little chance to socialize privately. In January 2000, Prime Minister Tony Blair announced the expansion of CCTV network in England with the input of an enormous ÂÂ £150 million of public money (Parker, 2000). Before the expansion, there were already 1.3 million CCTV Cameras throughout the nation keeping an eye on society and public in restaurants, parks, streets, malls and other public places. Parker stated that the expansion was rising at the rate of 20% a year with the number of CCTV cameras watching us a year in the United Kingdom. A recent study obtained by London Liberal Democrat Justin Davenport due to the freedom of information act, the study showed that the average cost of keeping these cameras running is believed to be around ÂÂ £20 million per year and over the past decade. Over ÂÂ £200 Million has been spent on CCTV cameras in London only. The shocking factor that comes to mind is that this study was just based within the city of London. The total bulge sum of the whole nation would be signific antly higher which is paid out from the taxpayers money. Another Research carried out by London Evening Standards showed that up to 90 per cent of CCTV installations fail to comply with the Information Commissioners UK CCTV code of practice, yet they are still there keeping a watch over the city. Obviously the reason given for this was to control crimes and vandalism across the nation, but as years passed. The cameras installed came to be used as trackers and to keep an eye on any suspicious characters within the society. Parker said that any average working men would be seen by over 300 cameras a day in any big city in the United Kingdom. Stated example of someone leaving home in the morning for work till they get back home in the evening is being used to support Parkers example. But it doesnt stop there, after being at home, any activities such as talking on the phone or surfing the web on the laptop or mobile phone would carry on being surveillance. This can be due to the security of the nation but knowing of being innocent and still being watched 24/7 would just feel wrong. It is claimed that surveillance is there for security to reduce crime, to keep a watch over public places and for safer working environment in work places, it is there to keep track of a criminal or suspects or even to capture a crime-taking place. Nevertheless, as much as CCTV Surveillance claims to bring reduction to crime levels, there has not been definite evidence to support such claims. The reduction is there but may not be as high as claimed because it is easy to move out of sight of the unforgiving eye, and according to Professor Ditton of the Scottish Centre for criminology closed CCTV camera system in town and city centres have failed to match their anti-crime expectations (Parker, 2000). The term for surveillance being everywhere is known as Routine surveillance which is a part of residential areas, schools, road traffic, car park and petrol stations, telephone booth and cash machines, railway stations, retail and commercial, hospitals, stadiums and police surveillance (Norris and Armstrong, 1999). Generally, Being under surveillance and being under watch would create unsecure feeling for any individual but Parker stated that 72% of the people do not object but parker did not fail to mention that the same amount of public are worried that the cameras could easily be abused in the hands of the wrong people(Parker, 2000). A very notorious example of CCTV Technology being misused happened in London outside Harvey Nicholls store. The cameras are designed to go in close to observe suspicious characters and shoplifters but in this case, it was used to look closely at Lady Diana, Princess of Wales. The operator captured the footage while Lady Diana was leaving the store and the tape discovered later in a desk drawer. The footage was a close up shot of her appealing figure and the operator was lingering over her for almost over a minute (Norris Armstrong). Such events like this would remind the society that the CCTV may be there for a good reason but its operator can never be trusted with all that power and reach. It is said in many comic books and movies that with great power, comes great responsibility (Spiderman, 2002; Stan Lee), and its events as such that discourages the society towards the idea of CCTV. Parker in Total Surveillance, 2000 has given many other similar examples. CCTV is widely discouraged however events such as Last moments of Lady Diana, Princess of Wales were captured by CCTV has affected the attitudes and encouraged the belief of CCTV surveillance not be a bad thing after all. Small 2-minute footage of Lady Dianas last moments was uploaded on You Tube (Probably the biggest Social Self Broadcasting website in the world) roughly in 2008. The footage has then been watched all over and across the world and showed on the news channels on TV. You Tube itself has had almost 300,000 views in less than two years of its upload date. When such tragic things happen to anyone, the footage that is recorded by the near CCTV camera becomes the last source of that persons moments. The footage can then be looked at and analysed by the police for investigation to bring justice, but the same footage can also be the last sight of that person to be seen by their family. CCTV Surveillance; first discovered in early nineteenth century (Holtzman, 2006) but since then, it has gone through a vast amount of improvements as seen in todays CCTV cameras and systems. CCTVs were mainly used by military and army forces but it was later on when CCTV made its entry within workplaces. It wasnt till later when government decided to introduce them to keep an eye on society and public. In 2000, more than half of the UK workforce was being monitored at the highest levels, even places like rest rooms, cafe area and restaurants that are far away from the actual working area were under watch. Workplaces came under surveillance for many reasons such as to protect the premises from vandalism, theft, drugs and physical abuse towards other employees and also to keep an eye on all the employees working to enable the employer to see what they are doing. Such environment and atmosphere can be illustrated as untrustworthy environment where there would be no such thing as trust. Later after CCTV, other surveillance techniques came within the working force, techniques such as; e-mail scanning, tapping telephone conversations, voicemail and computer file scanning, unseen Desktop surveillance that records individual workstation activities. If that was not already enough, companies started installing software to keep track of the internet usage by every individual employee. It would gather information such as websites visited, time spent on each website and the same would go for telephone conversations to what number and for how long. According to Parker, the reason organisations gave for taking away the remaining personal space while at work fell into following four categories; To ensure employee health, safety and protection (from abuse or violence); To guard against theft of goods, information and trade secrets; To monitor employees performance, attitude and demeanour; To gather evidence in support of court action arising out of any of the above three reasons. Communication The email scanning and communication surveillance came into action because information was being transmitted through emails, faxes and phone calls. Important documents started going missing and eventually it became efficient to have such systems available on workplaces for the good of the business. Such systems were first installed by banks and building societies due to their assets of information contained within about their customers. If such information was to end up in wrong hands then the company would have to pay the liability and to avoid being in such situations, companies took drastic measures. A very recent catastrophic event occurred on November 2009 within a leading mobile phone company T-Mobile, where an employee stole vital customers data and sold it to rival networks in UK; the Guardian newspaper stated this even as Employee Data Theft Leads To U.K.s Largest Data Breach; The employee sold millions of customer records to data brokers. It is events and crimes as such com mitted by few people in society that leads to generation of new laws. Laws today states that every organisation (big or small) is required to keep a record of CCTV and communication surveillance to and from business for minimum of 12 months in case of further requirement by officials and government authorities as evidence if required, (Lyon, 2002). It is acceptable that the entire span of communication is under surveillance for national security to locate and track any possessed threats but it is believed that almost 98% of communication made across the work is personal and private without conflicting any threat and it is only that 2% of communication that may possess a threat to the national security but that is maybe if not due to misunderstanding. All the factors about communication surveillance are part of workplace surveillance and the mostly monitored factor would be electronic mail surveillance within workplaces. But added factors such as ID Cards and Biometric Surveillance are also part of workplace surveillance which tends to affect the privacy issues. Information about every employee that works at the firm would have to give their biometric details to their employer. This varies from finger prints, eye retina scan, internal nerve scan, palm scan and further more if the firm is working with higher valued assets and critical information. This is for the sake of security of both; the firms assets and employees. But having the control of the surveillance systems could determine the power relations in the workplace which could lead to being blackmailed and kept under pressure for the mistakes made. It is an advantage for having a system in place but it could be used for many other purposes such as finding out details about s omeone without being authorised. Factors about CCTV Surveillance A very well illustrated study carried out in the United States of America by Norris and Armstrong has showed and produced many different approaches made towards the surveillance of society. As people are being surveillance, they are being split into categories and Clive has shown them in very well illustrated tables in Chapter 6 of The Maximum Surveillance Society; The Rise of CCTV. As technology became more advance, the reach of CCTV went further which caused the split in public being watched over. Operators started concentrating on certain types of people within the society. Certain types of people were being watched over more than others. This could be due to the age, sex, attitude, attire or even skin colour. In Clives research, it is shown that only 35% of white people were being surveillance for no obvious reason where as 68% of black population was being watched over for no obvious reason. It is main factors like such and the cost of keeping the systems running that tends to c ause implications within the society and public. Spy Being looked over all the time would conceive meaning of personal space and privacy being invaded while conserving any remaining personal space for socialising. As much as one wants a little bit of privacy, it would be hard to get in todays informatics age. Every aspect and portable technology that public carries around such as mobile phones and portable computers are linked to the global network which can be or is being monitored and analysed 24/7. A very recently discovered spy base in North Yorkshire THE MENWITH HILL SITE is known to be the biggest spy base in the world, it belongs to the Americans but very little is known about what happens at the base and what is being looked after. In a documentary Counterblast: The death of Privacy in 2000 on BBC2 by Simon Davies. Davies discovered that all form of communication made (in the UK or the World is yet unknown) passes through the Menwith Hill after being analysed by computer for suspicious content. The same is believed today as ver y little is known about it but it is certain that there are dozens of comparable sites across the world that carries out such procedures for national security. (MI5, MI6 and any intelligence institutes are all categorised under SPY) Other Surveillances As the technology improved further over the years, the government had installed Auto Recognition Software features in most CCTV cameras across the nation, term today known as face recognition and other recognition type such as Number plate recognition on roads. The government had to pay a little price for implementing this features but it is the public that had to pay the bigger price for taking away their own privacy. Hence the system would help them keep track of anyone travelling from one point to another. The technology was developed to be used for public safety but now it has been prioritised towards the national security so public is being watched and analysed to look for any threats possessed. Technology is now advancing onto implementation of a little device into human body that would carry every single detail about an individual. It would contain the financial data, health record and all the other details. This device has been tested and is already being used few countries and clubs (You tube) and not so long till it becomes essential requirement for everyone in the society. Conclusion It is fairly obvious to guess where the world is going with surveillance, the legislations, laws, and government are only adding to whats already there without realising that whatever there is, it is quiet enough. At the rate the CCTV Surveillance is growing, it can be predicted that there will be a time where public will not go unnoticed by the watchful eyes of government and authorities. This is only going to cost more to the society and it will be the society that will have to pay the government to add the discomfort to the social lives. Government have to pay lower price for such implementation of technology and systems but it is the public that have to pay back twice as much by letting their personal privacy being taken away from them, which is the price that public pays. The more systems are being implemented, the more data gets stored and the information asset gets bigger by day, which if falls in wrong hands then the damage could be unimaginable. The surveillance is always going to grow further with new technology and features and it is that particular idea of having the power that spoils even the nicest of human being intentions. It would be very hard to trust the reach and control of these systems but if safety is needed and required in society then these are the factors that have to be accepted without any exceptions. The answers are there but its up to the society if whether or not they want some of the privacy or nothing at all. Complete safety and no privacy or a little bit of both. REFERENCES: Davies, S. (2000) Counterblast The death of privacy, BBC2 Holtzman, D.H. (2002) Privacy Lost, How technology is endangering your privacy Hosein, G. (2004) Privacy and or as Freedom Introna, L.D. (2000) Workplace Surveillance, Privacy and Distributive Justice, Computers and Society. University of Lancaster, UK Lyon D. (2003) Surveillance as Social Sorting (Privacy, Risk and Digital Discrimination) Lyon, D. (2002) EVERYDAY SURVEILLANCE, Personal data and social classifications Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Norris, C. and Armstrong, G. (2000). The Maximum Surveillance Society. The Rise of CCTV Parker, D. (2000) Total Surveillance (Investigating the BIG Brother world of E-Spies, Eavesdropping and CCTV) Rule, J. (1973), Private Lives and Public Surveillance. THE GUARDIAN NEWSPAPER WEBPAGE (2009) T-Mobile confirms biggest phone customer data breach [WWW] Available from:http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2009/nov/17/t-mobile-phone-data-privacy THIS IS LONDON (2007) Most CCTV cameras are illegal, watchdog claims [WWW] Available from: news/article-23398834-most-cctv-cameras-are-illegal-watchdog-claims.do THIS IS LONDON (2007) Tens of thousands of CCTV cameras, yet 80% of crime unsolved [WWW] Available from: news/article-23412867-tens-of-thousands-of-cctv-cameras-yet-80-of-crime-unsolved.do

James Boswell :: essays research papers

In 1757 it does not appear that he published any thing, except some of those articles in the Literary Magazine, which have been mentioned. That magazine, after Johnson ceased to write in it, gradually declined, though the popular epithet of Antigallican was added to it; and in July 1758 it expired. He probably prepared a part of his Shakspeare this year, and he dictated a speech on the subject of an address to the Throne, after the expedition to Rochfort, which was delivered by one of his friends, I know not in what publick meeting. It is printed in the Gentleman's Magazine for October 1785 as his, and bears sufficient marks of authenticity. By the favour of Mr. Joseph Cooper Walker, of the Treasury, Dublin, I have obtained a copy of the following letter from Johnson to the venerable authour of "Dissertations on the History of Ireland." "TO CHARLES O'CONNOR, ESQ.1 "SIR, "I HAVE lately, by the favour of Mr. Faulkner, seen your account of Ireland, and cannot forbear to solicit a prosecution of your design. Sir William Temple complains that Ireland is less known than any other country, as to its ancient state. The natives have had little leisure, and little encouragement for enquiry; and strangers, not knowing the language, have had no ability. "I have long wished that the Irish literature were cultivated.2 Ireland is known by tradition to have been once the seat of piety and learning; and surely it would be very acceptable to all those who are curious either in the original of nations, or the affinities of languages, to be further informed of the revolution of a people so ancient, and once so illustrious. "What relation there is between the Welsh and Irish language, or between the language of Ireland and that of Biscay, deserves enquiry. Of these provincial and unextended tongues, it seldom happens that more than one are understood by any one man; and, therefore, it seldom happens that a fair comparison can be made. I hope you will continue to cultivate this kind of learning, which has too long lain neglected, and which, if it be suffered to remain in oblivion for another century, may, perhaps, never be retrieved. As I wish well to all useful undertakings, I would not forbear to let you know how much you deserve in my opinion, from all lovers of study, and how much pleasure your work has given to, Sir,

Geography of the Philippines essay Essay

Geography Geography and climate have always had very potent effects on culture. Geography, or the study of relationships between people and locations on Earth, very often shapes the way people live and interact with each other. Climate, or the prevailing weather patterns over time of a region, also has drastic effects on society and cultures, and these statements are especially true in the South East Asian nation of the Philippines. The Republic of the Philippines is an archipelago, or chain of islands, located off the south-eastern coast of Asia. Consisting of over 7,000 volcanic islands with a total land area of nearly 300,000 square kilometers (approximately the size of Arizona), islands of the Philippines are predominantly mountainous except for densely populated coastal plains on larger islands. The country is located over the Philippine Trench, a plate tectonic boundary which forms part of the Ring of Fire (see Map #2). The Ring of Fire, a region closely associated with volcanic and earthquake activity, lends a heavy influence to volcanic activity on the islands of the Philippines (one such example is Mount Pinatubo, a very active volcano on the island of Luzon. See Map #1 for location of Luzon). The geography allows for some cultural diffusion, Islam, Buddhism, and Christianity all reached the islands by the mid 117th century although there are still places that are extremely isolated to the point of having no electricity7 at all and primitive methods of life. The climate of the Republic of the Philippines is a warm and moist one. Affected by a northeast monsoon from November to April and a southwest monsoon from May to October, warm winds and moderate rainfall dominate the climate patterns of the nation. Approximately nineteen percent of Filipino land is arable, the second most in the region of South East Asia. As shown in the â€Å"Arable Land† chart, the only country near the Philippines with more farmland is Thailand with over thirty percent arable land. The warm weather and moist monsoons allow for growth of the nation’s main crops: sugar, and rice. Although only 19% of the land is farmable there is plenty forest and permanent crop space for exporting cash crops and lumber, as is shown in  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Philippine Land Usage† pie chart. Forty-six percent of the archipelago is covered with forests for loggers to cut and sell at reasonable rates to give the economy a boost. Social Issues The Philippines have seen a steady increase in population over the last 40 years. Since 1960, when the population was over 27 million (see â€Å"Philippines Population Over Time† bar line chart), the nation has seen a steady increase of about 10 million citizens per year. In 2001, the population rose to over 82.8 million, an increase of over 20 million people in just over ten years, probably because of an increase in the abundance of jobs in the area of labor and services. Since labor costs were cut in 1992 due to a sluggish economy the population skyrocketed because people could now find jobs in factories and markets because of a foreign interest in hiring cheap laborers. Over 95% of the Filipino population are of Malay decent, while the other five percent is mainly people of Chinese ethnicity, as is shown in the â€Å"Ethnic Demographic† pie chart. The dominant religion is Roman Catholicism, followed by Protestant and Islam (see Religious Demographic† chart). All of the popular philosophies in the Philippines came as a result of cultural diffusion from other areas, there is a very small minority that practice native beliefs to the region. The Philippines have a stable educational system, with free schooling for children ages 7-12 years and one of the highest literacy rates of all the nations in South East Asia. According to the chart titled â€Å"Literacy†, the Philippines have a rate of literacy (94.6% among people over 15 years of age) challenged only by those of Thailand and Vietnam. Schooling is also mandatory for all children who are citizens of the Philippines. Medical technology is another strongpoint in the Philippine society. Aids deaths are the lowest among neighboring countries shown in the â€Å"Aids Deaths† chart, with under 2000 aids deaths to date. This shows advancements in medicine and modernized facilities for people to be treated. There is one  hospital bed available for every 860 people, and a physician for every 849 people. These ratios are very good for the region, neighboring countries are no where near that equipped for the care of ill people. Political Issues The Republic of the Philippines is, as stated, a republic. The â€Å"Head of State† is an elected president. The country is divided into 73 provinces under one Union, as illustrated in â€Å"Map #3†, though only the 55 largest provinces are shown since the others are not visible to the map’s scale. The national capital is Manila on the island of Luzon. There are approximately 150,000 active defense troops stationed in the country for various purposes. The only government-recognized official languages are Filipino and English. A universal law of suffrage grants anyone 18 years of age or older the right to vote on elected officials and any other deeds requiring a majority vote from the public. The government is stable and reliable to citizens, with a sturdy court system based on Spanish and American concepts and an executive branch that enforces laws efficiently. Economy The Filipino economy is based strongly on services and labor, as is shown in the chart for â€Å"Philippine GDP Sector Composition†. The sectors for agriculture and industry are both less than the services sector, showing that the economy relies heavily on services. Labor in the country is cheap , and rates are low for foreign businesses wishing to hire out production of goods. The agricultural division of the economy has a strong influence, also. The chief cash crops are rice and sugar, both of which are grown on coastal plains on most of the islands in the archipelago. Farmland is restricted to the deep coastal plains because of the generally mountainous terrain the islands have from their volcanic origins. Two warm and wet monsoons fertilize soil and help crops grow in the fertile flatlands near the coast. Main minerals mined in the region are cobalt, copper, and iron ore, all of  which are exported at fair rates. Industry is doing well in the Philippines, the main industry for the country is textiles and since labor is cheap and there is a good mineral supply, machinery is not scarce. A great deal of pharmaceuticals are also produced in the Philippines. Transportation is thriving in the Philippines. The Republic of the Philippines has more Airports than any neighboring nation, as is shown in â€Å"Number of Airports† graph. With almost 300 national airports, they have more than doubled the amount of any neighboring South East Asian country. Transport by air and sea is heavily relied upon, since the country has so many water borders. With over 36,289 km of coastline among its 7,000 islands, the archipelago of the Philippines heavily relies on boats and planes to move about, domestically or when migrating to other countries. Summary of Status The Republic of the Philippines is a stable country built on a solid government and fair economy. Faith in the governing body is high, and the system of law enforcement and regulations are sturdily based on American and Spanish systems. Geography allows for growth of crops and an evenly dispersed population. Aside from extemporaneous volcanic activity and some tsunami action because of its location on the Ring of Fire, climatic conditions are beneficial to most because of the positive effects on farming and fertilizing soil. Socially, the differences in culture between regions and islands can be great, but for the most part the nation is made up of people with Christian Malay heritage, though many other ethnic groups exist in the nation. Medical and educational systems are both very stable and advanced, with low death-at-birth- rates and abundant hospital space, along with a mandatory and free school system for children. All things considered, the Philippines are doing better than most South East Asian nations that neighbor the archipelago. With a well-balanced scale of politics, economy, and society, capped off with a mainly beneficial geographic setting, the Republic of the Philippines is doing better than most South East Asian  nations in transportation technology, medical practice, arable and farmed land, forestry, and countless other areas of the country’s array of economic and social areas. With good population growth and even better projected growth, the Philippines should endure years of moderate prosperity in the future based on everything mentioned above.

myth of WWII essays

myth of WWII essays Michael C. C. Adams book, The Best War Ever: America and World War II, attempts to dispel the numerous misconceptions of the Second World War. As the title suggests, Americans came out of the war with a positive view of the preceding five turbulent years. This myth was born from several factors. Due to the overseas setting of both theaters of the war, intense government propaganda, Hollywoods glamorization, and widespread economic prosperity, Americans were largely sheltered form the brutal truth of World War II. Even to this day, the generation of World War II is viewed as being superior in morality and unity. The popular illusion held that there were no ethnic or gender problems, families were happy and united, and children worked hard in school and read a great number of books. (115) It was a golden era when all Americans set aside their differences and united for a common cause which everyone put above all other priorities. The United States Army was thought of as more advanced in fighting ability, weapons, and supposedly held to a higher standard of ethics on the front. Americans that did die, died in an antiseptic, clean, neat way . . . gloriously. (100) Soldiers werent blown apart into pieces, they died honorably and nobly. Many factors had to be in place for such a distorted myth to come about. The central one being that the entire war was fought on foreign land with the exception of the bombing of Pearl Harbor. With the conflicts on the other sides of the oceans, Americans would not witness the brutality, destruction, and suffering of civilians and soldiers alike. Only the United States was not both a destroyer and a victim of the destruction in the war. (73) The civilians of the United States, therefore, relied on other sources to shape their view of World War II. Ads implied that if you bought a war bond your sacrifice wa ...

Lessons Learned Essay Example

Lessons Learned Essay Example Lessons Learned Essay Lessons Learned Essay Essay Topic: A Lesson Before Dying Jhesson Ynoa Eng11 – 1857 May 10, 2010 In the essays that we have read this semester, the authors were effective in helping their readers to learn something from the authors various subject matters, which could be used in the readers’ own lives. I have chosen four essays that I have read this term from which I have learned from. The four essays I decided on are: â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† by George Orwell, â€Å"Sex, Lies, and Conversation† by Deborah Tannen, â€Å"What Really Scares Us† by David Ropeik, and â€Å"Delusions of Grandeur† by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. In George Orwell’s â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† Orwell writes of his experience in British ruled India in the early Twentieth Century. At the time, he was a young, inexperienced soldier stationed there to help protect the Queen’s interests. While he was there, he had to do something that had made some ethical conflicts within him. Orwell had to kill an elephant that had run rampant in lust throughout a village. In its rampage the elephant destroyed a truck, a hut, and killed a villager. The villagers were obviously upset about the situation and he was called upon to restore the order before anything or anyone was hurt. Throughout the ordeal, he decided that it was best to kill the elephant. His reasons for doing so, however, were not as clear-cut. He said his ultimate decision was to not look bad in front of the villagers that gave him a degree of shame. Orwell’s decision is to keep a measure of order and respect within the community. The British presence there has to be kept where respect and discipline are always maintained. If not, the anarchy that would eventually ensue would make laws and codes harder to enforce. â€Å"The people expected it of me and I had got to do it; I could feel their two thousand wills pressing me forward, irresistibly. With such vast odds against the troops there, if he showed the slightest weakness, the villagers would pounce upon him; everything would descend into chaos. At that precise moment, he realized that the British rule there was utterly void and useless, â€Å"And it was at this moment, as I stood there with the rifle in my hands, that I first graspe d the hollowness, the futility of the white man’s dominion in the east. † What choice did he have then? No more than when the damage done by the elephant was done. In order to preserve the common good, he had to do something he did not want to. Lessons learned from this essay are the effects of imperialism or as Orwell called it, the â€Å"evils of Imperialism†. It is obvious that Orwell didn’t shoot the elephant because he wanted to but because of the influence from the British oppressors. One can use this essay as an example not only to notice the effects of bad influence amongst an entire population but learn of imperialism and its negative effects. Even though one has been conquered they don’t have to become as them which can lead to even more unjust doing. In Deborah Tannen’s â€Å"Sex, Lies, and Conversation†, Tannen explains how differently men and women perceive conversation in their relationship. She states that the lack of conversation is generating conflicting issues from both men and women who are in a relationship. This is due to the fact that men and women have very different expectations of communication. Tannen describes how differences in communication start during childhood socialization. Tannen states that for women, as for little girls, intimacy is the fabric of relationships, and talk is the thread from which it is woven. For young girls and women, conversation what creates and maintains friendship. By sharing secrets, thoughts, and feelings girls and women build intimacy in their relationships. As for boys, Tannen explains that bonds between boys can be as intense as girls’, but they are based less on talking, more on doing things together. Since they don’t assume that talk is what creates a relationship, men don’t know what kind of talk women want. Young boys are more inclusive with each other, creating larger groups of friends. Within these large groups, boys compete with each other to avoid the subordinate position. Intimate conversation is a form of weakness for boys and men which can play a role in women’s complaints that men don’t listen to them. Some men really don’t like to listen, because being the listener makes them feel one down, like a child listening to an adult. One impression of not listening results from differences in the mechanics of conversation. Deborah Tannen studies videotapes made by psychologist Paul Dorval of children and adults talking to their same sex best friends. Within all ages, the girls and women face each other in conversation with direct eye contact. Unlike the boys and men, who would not face one another and periodically glanced around the room. By facing away and little eye, it gives women the impression that the men are not listening. Another habit described in the essay is the switching of topics. Women in conversation about problems will ask probing questions, and express agreement and understanding. Men in the other hand are not as inquisitive. They will dismiss each other’s problems with simple statements and switch to a topic about themselves. Women perceive these responses as insensitive and unsupportive. Tannen also describes how a woman’s conversational habits are just as frustrating to men. In close comfortable surroundings, women overlap each other, finish each other’s sentences, and anticipate what the other is going to say. Men feel this behavior is an interruption, intrusion, and lack of attention. Women also love to talk to one another, expressing agreement and support but men see their conversational role as pointing out the other side of the argument. Women don’t mind another point of view as long as it is in the form of a suggestion or inquiry rather than as a direct challenge. All these differences in this essay begin to clarify why men and women have such different expectations of communication. Tannen suggests, once men and women understand these differences, improvement in communication will come naturally. In the future one can use the information in this essay to recognize his or her differences when it comes to conversation and learn to alter their behavior to improve communication with their partner, rather than right and wrong which can lead to breaking up or divorce. In David Ropeik’s â€Å"What Really Scares Us†, Ropeik argues that Humans perceive risk through emotions rather than reasoning even though we obtain a highly advanced brain which gives us the power to reason. Ropeik says that the reason humans perceive risk emotionally before reasoning is because our brains are biologically built to fear first and think second. The brain has two parts that are built mainly for reasoning and emotion. One of these parts is called the prefrontal cortex, behind your forehead, which is the area where we do a lot of our reasoning and thinking. The other part, which is the brain’s key emotion center, is the amygdala. Because of the way the brain is built, information gets to the amygdale first before getting to the prefrontal cortex. In that case a person would react emotionally fearful before ever having a chance to reason and consider the facts. The turning of raw sensory information, for instance confusing a stick for a snake, into fear is due to the built-in patterns in our brains that interpret sensory information that help us subconsciously filter incoming messages, making us more afraid of some things than others. Ropeik also uses statistical information which makes Ropeik’s argument a lot more effective. For instance when Ropeik talks about dread, one of the emotional factors that determine our fears, he states â€Å"Things that can kill us in really awful ways seem riskier. We’re more afraid of being eaten alive by a shark (odds, 1 in 281,000,000) or dying in a plane crash (1 in 9,000,000) than dying from heart disease (1 in 300). † The use of numbers in Ropeik’s essay almost makes it unimaginable to be eaten by a shark or dying in a plane crash. The difference is vast. But, don’t think that because of the odds it is alright to not fear a shark. A shark attack might seem rare but they do occur. One could never believe that they could be the victim a heart attack but due to our fears, when we’re on a plane or at the beach that fear of dying in a crash or being eaten alive succumbs us. When we hear heart attack, most might laugh it off and think that it could never happen to them. The numbers in the other hand tell a whole different story. Using the information from this essay one can learn not to be so fearful of things that are unlikely to happen. In the future one should do a lot more reasoning then letting their emotions get the best of them. Fear is nothing but a state of mind which can sometimes trap us. In â€Å"Delusions of Grandeur† by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Gates argues about the importance of education for black youths. African American students should take their education a lot more serious rather than aspire to careers as athletes. Gates states that African American youngsters believe that they have a much better chance of becoming another Magic Johnson or Michael Jordan than they do of matching the achievements of Baltimore Mayor Kurt Schmoke or neurosurgeon Dr. Benjamin Carson, both of whom, like Johnson and Jordan, are black. He also uses statistics which very few people would believe if they weren’t reading them in the pages of Sports Illustrated. Here are the facts: There are 1,200 black professional athletes in the U. S. There are 12 times more black lawyers than black athletes, 2-1/2 times more black dentists than black athletes, and 15 times more black doctors than black athletes. Considering the statistics, becoming a professional athlete is more like a dream than reality. As Gates stated, â€Å"In reality, an African-American youngster has about as much chance of becoming a professional athlete as he or she does of winning the lottery. † The odds of winning the lottery are 18 million to 1 and that is only a single state lottery. Nevertheless, the blind pursuit of attainment in sports is having a devastating effect on the African-American people. Henry also argues that public schools fail to educate athletes which lead to the school almost failing to educate everyone. Only 26. % of black athletes at the collegiate level earn their degrees. For every successful educated black professional athlete, there are thousands of dead and wounded. Yet young blacks continue to aspire to careers as athletes. The thought of sports being the â€Å"only way out† for young blacks should be sought out. These young athletes must understand that education is the best method to achieve success. A sport is an alternative, if he or she is that good. From this e ssay people learn of the effects that sports has brought amongst young blacks. It isn’t entirely their fault but also the fault of public schools. In the future we can use this information to inform the young blacks, whether it’s our friend, a classmate or even our next door neighbor, who strive to be professional athletes, of the effects of sports that can hold them back from a good education. These essays which I have read and studied this semester proved to be worthwhile. They have learned from them things that I in the future can use to my advantage. The lessons learned from all four of these essays can help everyone in various ways. Whether it was George Orwell’s â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† and its lesson of imperialism or Deborah Tannen’s â€Å"Sex, Lies, and Conversation† and the lesson of men and women’s expectations of communication. Whether it was David Ropeik’s â€Å"What Really Scares Us† and its lesson of reasoning and emotion or Henry Louis Gates’ â€Å"Delusions of Grandeur† and its lesson of the importance of education for black youths. All these essays have something in common and it’s that they all have a lesson to be learned which will be used for the better of ourselves and for the better of others. 1. Orwell, George. â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† Rhetorical Choices, ed. Keith Gilyard. New York, Pearson Longman, 2007: Pages 66-73. 2. Tannen, Deborah. â€Å"Sex, Lies, and Conversation† Rhetorical Choices, ed. Keith Gilyard. New York, Pearson Longman, 2007: Pages 454-459. 3. Ropeik, David. â€Å"What Really Scares Us† Rhetorical Choices, ed. Keith Gilyard. New York, Pearson Longman, 2007: Pages 533-535. 4. Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. â€Å"Delusions of Grandeur† Rhetorical Choices, ed. Keith Gilyard. New York, Pearson Longman, 2007: Pages 247-249

Data Storage, memory allocations and communications in use in Assignment

Data Storage, memory allocations and communications in use in computing systems - Assignment Example Assume that you want to store 100GB of data onto the free space that you have on your hard drive. If data is uploaded to your machine via a phone line with a rate of 28,400 bps, how long would it take to fill the available storage space? Use one of the many sites available on the Internet to investigate the speed of your personal Internet connection. With that speed, how long would it take to store/upload that data? Does it make a difference what kind of files you are transferring (text, images, video)? If so, estimate the range of time it may take to fill up your hard drive. How many cells can be in a computer's main memory if each cell's address can be represented by two hexadecimal digits? What if four hexadecimal digits are used? Explain your answer. Suppose three values (x, y, and z) are stored in a machine's memory. Describe the sequence of events (loading registers from memory, saving values in memory, and so on) that lead to the computation of x + y + z. How about (2x) + y? Suppose a communication line is being used to transmit data serially at 14,400 bps. If a burst of interference lasts .01 second, how many data bits would be affected?

SOP Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

SOP Paper - Essay Example No doubt, extreme sports are a major attraction for sport lovers and can garner huge revenues, but there are numerous examples of sportspersons getting injured or maimed for life. One can never forget the snowboarder Kevin Pearce who suffered a traumatic brain injury when he was preparing for the Olympics in 2009. Therefore, my opinion is that extreme sports can be very dangerous for the sportsmen. For some people, extreme kinds of sports can be very tempting and they find it difficult to overcome the urge to participate in life risking sports. According to a sports consultant, Justin Anderson, some people have this innate sense of thrill that makes them do dangerous activities like jumping out of airplanes or climbing Mt. Everest (Hatfield, 2011). The question then arises is what is the thing that motivates these people to take part in such activities in spite of knowing the associated risks. It has been found that for these sportsmen, reaching the desired target is the primary factor while competition is the secondary factor. For these people, pushing their personal boundaries is a strong motivator although the fact that they are risking their life is always at the back of their minds. One common psychology behind these daredevil sports is the feeling that they have dared to dream the impossible and are also among those few who have achieved that dream (Hatfield, 2011). Extreme sports usually comprise high speed and risk. While both these elements can be thrilling for the youth because of their tendency toward heroism, the fact remains that such thrills are associated with extreme dangers that can be either fatal or lifelong disability. Since extreme sportsmen remain more excited to perform the perilous activities, most of the times they remain concerned about the event that will take place in that instant like how well they will be able to perform and